化工英语实践《哈姆雷特》读后感（中英文版）

　　To be, or not to be, that’s the question.

　　简介

　　《哈姆雷特（Hamlet）》是由威廉・莎士比亚创作于1599年至1602年间的一部悲剧作品。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的遗孀乔特鲁德，哈姆雷特王子因此为父王向叔叔复仇的故事。

　　《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚所有戏剧中篇幅最长的一部。本剧是前身为莎士比亚纪念剧院的英国皇家莎士比亚剧团演出频度最高的剧目。 世界著名悲剧之一，也是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，具有深刻的悲剧意义、复杂的人物性格以及丰富完美的悲剧艺术手法，代表着整个西方文艺复兴时期文学的最高成就。同《麦克白》、《李尔王》和《奥赛罗》一起组成莎士比亚"四大悲剧".

　　Some Thoughts about Hamlet

　　Yu-Han Li

　　Hamlet, one of Shakespeare's four most famous tragedies, tells a story that Hamlet avenged the death of his father and finally died for it. As far as I remembered, the Senior Chinese textbook selected the end part of Hamlet. However, owing to the fact that I didn’t figure out the relationships between those characters and the settings of the story then, I couldn’t have a deep understanding of the end part. Since I have finished reading the whole book, it seems that I could gain a better knowledge of the emotion in Hamlet.

　　"To be, or not to be, that’s the question." Whether Hamlet’s final choice is "to be", or "not to be", is a question. Before Laertes died, he exposed the intrigue of Claudius, king of Denmark. Hurt as Hamlet was, he saw his mother die of poisonous wine and killed his uncle Claudius using a poisonous sword. What a mess! As Horatio put it, "So shall you hear Of carnal, bloody, and unnatural acts; Of accidental judgments, casual slaughters; Of deaths put on by cunning and forced cause; And, in this upshot, purposes mistook Fall’n on the inventors’ reads." Obviously, it’s the best summary of the whole story. The root of all evils is Claudius who killed his brother and married his sister-in-law in such a short time. As for indecisive Hamlet, unchastity queen, innocent Ophelia, impulsive Laertes… they are the witnesses, the promoters as well as the victims of the tragedy.

　　Hamlet, who is the hero of the opera, cannot be deemed as a real hero. He felt hesitated and lost. His character became more complicated and suspicious because of the hideous crime of his uncle. It’s usually hard to keep calm and rational when someone is blinded by hatred. Faced with Claudius’s test and murder, Hamlet kept calm and dealt with them without danger. However, he lost his life in the final confrontation with Laertes. Hamlet was once a carefree idealist and perfectionist. He started to meet with the darkness of the reality after his father’s death, his mother’s remarriage and his uncle’s conspiracy. He became radical and doubted everything around him, including family affection and love. Suffered such a big blow, Hamlet survived, and waited for the day of lightning. On the other hand, the thought of revenge enabled Hamlet to become more decisive and braver. It’s a pity that Hamlet eventually died of his uncle’s plot and we lost such a hero.

　　But I still have some doubts of the plot. Polonius, the father of Laertes and Ophelia, died of Hamlet’s sword, whose death seemed so haste. If it was not Polonius but Claudius who hid behind, would Hamlet do the same thing? Thanks to the death of Polonius, Hamlet was sent to England, Ophelia went crazy and fell into the river, Laertes rebelled and Claudius started his final conspiracy… Perhaps it was all the arrangement of the fate.

　　When it comes to the realistic meaning of Hamlet, besides the excellent skills that Shakespeare used in this book, I want to tell something about its contents. As for Hamlet, whether the fate is fair or not? If it is fair, why did he suffer from so many pains? If it is unfair, why could he leave the world without regrets? Fate is usually cruel. However, we should shoulder the courage and responsibly to face the cruelty like Hamlet, rather than complain it.

　　In the rainy night, I see the ghost of old king walking in the distance. I wonder whether it is the ending that he was willing to witness…

　　关于《哈姆雷特》的几点思考

　　黎雨晗

　　《哈姆雷特》，作为莎翁"四大悲剧"之一，讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇并为此送命的悲剧故事。高中语文课本节选过《哈姆雷特》的结尾部分，当时由于我还没搞懂人物关系和故事背景，对高潮部分理解并不深，现在读完了《哈姆雷特》，对其中的情感似乎有了更深的了解。

　　"生存，还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。"不知道哈姆雷特最终的选择是代表了生存，还是预示着毁灭。雷欧提斯临死之前，将国王克劳狄斯的阴谋揭发，哈姆雷特身受一剑，看着早已饮下鸩酒身亡的母后，将毒剑刺向了国王克劳狄斯。如此混乱的局面，正如唯一的目击者和幸存者霍拉旭对后来到场的福丁布拉斯讲述的那样："你们可以听到奸淫残杀，反常悖理的行为，冥冥中的判决，意外的屠戮，借手杀人的狡计，以及陷入自害的结局：这一切我都可以确确实实地告诉你们。"这是对整个故事最好的总结。一切罪恶的源头来源于弑兄的国王克劳狄斯，而优柔寡断的哈姆雷特，未守贞洁的王后，单纯天真的奥菲利娅，冲动武断的雷欧提斯……则是这场悲剧的目击者，促进者，遭受者。

　　哈姆雷特，作为本剧的男主角，可能称不上真正意义上的英雄。他犹豫过，彷徨过，因为得知叔父所犯下的丑恶罪行，性格变得更加复杂和多疑。当一个人被仇恨蒙蔽了双眼，是很难保持理智和清醒的。但是面对叔父的试探与谋害，哈姆雷特冷静面对，轻松化解，却在最终与雷欧提斯的对决中丢了性命。他本是一个无忧无虑的完美主义者和理想主义者，因为父亲的离世、母亲的过早改嫁和叔父的阴谋看到了现实的黑暗。他变得过激，他开始怀疑，怀疑亲情，怀疑爱情，怀疑周遭的一切。遭受了重大的打击，支撑他的或许只有那颗强烈的复仇之心了吧！这种复仇的念头，从另一方面让他变得更加坚定，更加果敢。复仇磨炼了他自己，可惜哈姆雷特最后还是死在了叔父的阴谋里，我们失去了一位充满正义的英雄！

　　但是我对其中的部分情节还是存在着疑惑。波洛尼厄斯，雷欧提斯和奥菲利娅的父亲，被哈姆雷特一剑刺死，他的离去显得太过草率。如果当时藏在后面的不是波洛尼厄斯，而是克劳狄斯呢？哈姆雷特也会如此草率吗？而正是这位大臣的离开，导致了哈姆雷特被遣往英国，奥菲利娅的发疯坠河，雷欧提斯的造反，克劳狄斯的终极阴谋……或许，这就是命运的安排吧！

　　若说《哈姆雷特》的现实意义，抛去莎翁卓越的艺术处理技巧，我想就其内容浅谈自己的认识。对哈姆雷特来说，命运是公平还是不公的？若说公平，为何要让他遭受叔父的阴谋，同伴的背叛；若说不公，他何以复仇成功，不留遗憾地离开。命运，大多数时候是残忍的，但我们要做的不是怨天尤人，声讨这种残忍，而是应该奋起抗争，像哈姆雷特一样，对这种残忍说"不",挑战它！

　　在这个不平静的雨夜里，我似乎又看到了老国王的冤魂游走在黑夜里。不知道这是不是他想看到的结局……

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